The QTCM1 prognostic equations are finite-differenced on an Arakawa C-grid.
The barotropic component is solved in
a vorticity/streamfunction formulation using an Adams-Bashforth scheme.
The baroclinic component is similar to a shallow-water equation and
is solved by applying a ``forward-backward'' scheme using
the updated variables instantly.
This forward-backward scheme is described by Haltiner and Williams
[24]
.
The numerical CFL instability criterion limits the model time-step
at about 20 minutes, mostly due to the momentum advection associated
with mid-latitude baroclinic waves.
This chapter provides a more detailed description of the
code and numerics used in the QTCM1.