The main references for the model formulation are papers by Neelin and Zeng [1] and Zeng, et al. [2]. A summary of the project leading up to the initial QTCM formulation may be found in Neelin [6], while the basis for the analytical approximations for dynamics are found in Neelin and Yu [7] and Yu and Neelin [11]. Documentation of the radiation and cloud packages may be found in Chou and Neelin [5] and Chou [3].